PUBLIC INVESTMENT IN HUMAN CAPITAL AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN ALGERIA: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY USING ARDL APPROACH
https://doi.org/10.52326/jss.utm.2022.5(2).01
UDC 336.5:331.108+330.35(65)
Mohamed Ramli, Faiçal Boutayeba, Azzeddine Nezai
Abstract. This paper examines the link between public investment in human capital and economic growth in Algeria over the period 1990 – 2017. To do so, public expenditures on education and health have been used to investigate their impact on economic growth. The study employs the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach. The main finding of this paper is that there is no cointegrating relationship between these two variables in the long run. This evidence suggests rethinking the way the public funds are devoted to the education and health sectors. This becomes today a chief priority for policy makers in order to strengthen the impact of public investment in human capital on economic growth in the future.
Keywords: Education, Health, Economic growth, ARDL, Human Capital in Algeria.
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THE ORIGINS OF HOMOSEXUALITY
https://doi.org/10.52326/jss.utm.2022.5(2).02
UDC 316.367:613.88
Titu-Marius I. Băjenescu
Abstract. Homosexuality is defined as a state of sexual attraction to an individual of the same sex. This behaviour does not only concern humans, but also all animal species on earth. But it is interesting to ask whether homosexuality can be limited to this definition? If so, then what about the married man with several children who has never had a homosexual relationship, but secretly spends his time on gay websites? What about this woman who is equally attracted to women and men? These are all questions that call for greater insight. The issue of homosexuality is more complicated than it seems. It is inappropriate to look at sexuality without addressing the fantasies and other urges that surround it.
Keywords: Homosexuality, heterosexuality, lesbianism, social roots, studies of sexuality, homophobia, non-heterosexual sexuality, Catholic Church position, pederasty, sodomy, sexual practices, transvestites, transsexuals, gay pride parades, HIV-AIDS, monogamy, queers.
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INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON CONSUMER PURCHASING DECISIONS IN DURBAN
https://doi.org/10.52326/jss.utm.2022.5(2).03
UDC 339.138:004.738.5:316.77(680)
Paballo Patience Ntobaki, Tshepo Tlapana, Cleopatra Moipone Matli
Abstract. This study examined the influence of social media on Durban customers’ purchasing decisions and the extent to which social media influences consumers’ decision-making while buying products. The primary purpose of this study was to determine whether consumers are eager to interact with products on social media platforms to obtain more information about product features, benefits, performance, prices, promotions, and reputation. An exploratory study employing a quantitative research approach was carried out, with questionnaires distributed to 400 Durban consumers over the age of 18 who were regular social media users. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed in this study. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study discovered that social media is a very powerful communication tool that can be used to influence consumers’ purchasing decisions, and consumers stated that the more they knew about a product through social media, the more they desired to buy it, and vice versa. Businesses should incorporate promotional events, contests, and competitions on their social network product pages to enhance awareness, social media platform traffic, and customer engagement.
Keywords: Consumer Behaviour, Buyer Decision-Making, Social Influence Theory, Social Media.
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CRIME AND SPORT PARTICIPATION: AN ECONOMETRIC MODEL WITH SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS APPROACH
https://doi.org/10.52326/jss.utm.2022.5(2).04
UDC [343.9+796]:330.43
Saeed Khanmoradi, Shirin Zardoshtian, Shahram Fatahi, Geoff Dickson
Abstract. Sport in all societies’ leads to a return on social capital. Many politicians use sports-based programs to reduce crime in society because sport plays an important role in the social development of societies. On the other hand, crime causes insecurity in the neighborhood, and when people realize their fear of crime, they reduce their social activities, such as sports participation. Therefore, this study determines the interaction effect between crime and sport participation and we test an econometric model with simultaneous equations approach using the two-stage least squares method (2SLS). We used panel data of all provinces of Iran from 2004 – 2017. The results showed that a significant and negative interaction effect exists between crime and sport participation. Also, the number of coaches, sport facilities, and, sport budget have a significant and positive effect on sport participation. Per capita GDP has a significant and negative effect on crime and per capita GDP”×”sport participation has a significant and positive effect on crime. Finally, drugs have a significant and positive effect on crime.
Keywords: crime, simultaneous equations, sport participation.
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INSTANT REBATE COUPON AND ITS INFLUENCE IN ONLINE CONSUMER PURCHASE INTENT AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN NIGERIA
https://doi.org/10.52326/jss.utm.2022.5(2).05
UDC 658.8:004.738.5(669)
Bolajoko Dixon-Ogbechi, Patrick Ladipo, Olubukola Akinbodun
Abstract. This study seeks to examine instant rebate coupon influence in online purchase intent with special reference to university students in Nigeria. Instant rebate coupon as a concept in online sales promotion signifies an important improvement in the use of electronic coupon to prevail in the online market place competition, most especially among electronic retailers. This study therefore focuses on four elements of measuring instant rebate coupon being an online sales promotion tool namely: discount depth, attractiveness, perceived risk and hedonic perception on online purchase intention. The use of descriptive research design was employed through a cross – sectional online survey as data collection methods. Two hundred and seventy six (276) respondents were considered for this study. The four research questions asked were answered via the corresponding hypotheses. Data collected for this study were analyzed through the use of descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings revealed that a significant relationship exist between online purchase intention and the elements of instant rebate coupon, in addition the study shows that online shoppers are willing to embrace instant rebate coupon while shopping in online environment. Also, based on this study, It is recommended that electronic retailers should increase the use of instant rebate coupon in their online stores and further studies can be conducted in extending the population of study to different population categories such as housewives, working class, among many others.
Keywords: discount depth; attractiveness; perceived risk; hedonic perception, electronic retailer, online shopping.
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INTERACTION EFFECT OF INFORMALITY AND CORRUPTION ON INCOME INEQUALITY IN NIGERIA
https://doi.org/10.52326/jss.utm.2022.5(2).06
UDC [339.19:338.22+328.185]:330.56(669)
Abiodun Samuel Isayomi, Temitope Sade Akintunde, Akin George Ogunleye
Abstract. Engagement in informal economic activities serves as a survival strategy for underprivileged majority in developing economies with high level of corruption. Consequently, this study examined the main and interaction effects of informality and corruption on income inequality in Nigeria from 1996 to 2020 using autoregressive distributed lag-bound testing technique. The study result showed evidence of long-run relationship among informality, corruption and income inequality. The main effects of informality and corruption on income inequality are negative and statistically significant in both the short and long run. However, corruption reduction in a year was found to reduce income inequality in the subsequent year. Furthermore, the interaction effect of informality and corruption on income inequality was found to be negative and statistically significance in both the short run and the long run. Corruption reduction was found to be a necessary but not sufficient condition for reduction of inequality. Consequently, this study recommended creation of socioeconomic environment conducive for the growth, expansion and eventual formalization of informal businesses. The study also recommended that inequality-reduction be made the end goal of corruption-reduction by ensuring that the proceeds from successful anticorruption campaign are channelled to policies and public projects which redistribute income to the less privileged.
Keywords: elite capture, income redistribution, shadow economy, underprivileged majority, socioeconomic environment.
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THE PHANARIOTE SYSTEM IN MOLDAVIA AND WALLACHIAUNDER THE OTTOMAN RULE
https://doi.org/10.52326/jss.utm.2022.5(2).07
UDC [947.89+949.8]”17/18″
Ömer Bedir
Abstract. Dobruja, Moldavia and Wallachia remained under the Ottoman sovereignty for more than 400 years. Dobruja was inhabited mostly by Turks and Muslims, and was administered by Muslim-Turkish governors assigned directly from the Sublime Porte. However, Wallachia and Moldavia were inhabited overwhelmingly by Christian-Orthodox people and were governed by local voivodes designated by the Ottoman Sultans. These voivodeships were autonomous entities in their internal affairs but were dependent to the Ottoman State in their foreign affairs. Upon the betrayal of the Moldavian prince during the Pruth River campaign of 1710-1711, the Ottoman authorities were compelled to implement the Phanariote System which lasted until 1821. Following the abolition of the Phanariote System, the Ottoman authorities returned to the previous method of appointing local princes which, in turn, lasted until the independence of modern Romania. Upon the independence of Romania in 1878, the Ottoman Empire had to switch to a new form of relationship with this newborn state. As a result, these two states resumed their relations through diplomatic means and, in its modern sense, the Turkish-Romanian diplomatic relations were established.
Keywords: Dobruja, Moldavia, Phanariote System, Voivode, Wallachia.
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A GREAT WRITER IN THE BACKGROUND OF AN EPOCH
https://doi.org/10.52326/jss.utm.2022.5(2).08
UDC 821.135.1(478)”19″
Lilia Porubin, Ala Jechiu
Abstract. The aspect that mainly characterizes the literary process from the 90s of the last century is the intensification of the process of capitalization on the interwar literary heritage. Many writers are re-included in the circuit of our spiritual values. The publication of their works is followed by monographic investigations. Studies, portraits and essays are written in anthologies and literary histories. Leon Donici is one of the most original and innovative prose writers. Outlined as an artistic personality in the Russian cultural environment, Leon Donici brought in Romanian literature an ostentatious nostalgic spirit: romantic, but also realistic; clear, but also deeply tragic. A well-defined personality, Leon Donici was overwhelmed by contradictory impulses and deserved, on account of this, an unequal acceptance that was dominated by numerous stereotypes.
Keywords: modernism, influences, lyricism, contradictory, sensitivity.
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THE USE OF SPATIAL MODELING TO TEACH ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
https://doi.org/10.52326/jss.utm.2022.5(2).09
UDC 004.925.8:378:744
Sergiu Dîntu, Angela Șuletea, Alexei Botez, Tudor Jandîc
Abstract. The article addresses the problem of increasing the efficiency of studying the object of Engineering Graphics within the limits of the hours stipulated in the curriculum. The student receives at each practical lesson an individual graphic work to apply the theoretical material. They have to create flat drawings after intuitive axonometric drawings. These orthogonal drawings form the basis of the technical documentation. Based on the experience of teaching the discipline, the authors considered it opportune to use the spatial models of the individual task created by the students themselves. A staggered teaching method of 3D modeling was elaborated with the selection of a minimum set of commands necessary for the realization of the proposed model at each of the practical lesson. Students can see the relationship between real objects and their projections, get acquainted with spatial modeling and develop spatial imagination. The analysis of the results implementation of the given method increased the quality of studies.
Keywords: Engineering Graphics, orthogonal drawings, staggered teaching method of 3D modeling.
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REDESIGN FAMILY TOURISM VISION OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT
https://doi.org/10.52326/jss.utm.2022.5(2).10
UDC 338.48:334.7(594)
Maulana Mukhlis, Devi Yulianti
Abstract. This research took place at Metro as one of the local governments in Lampung Province, Indonesia. There were some main visions of development in this region: education-based, family tourism, social economic-based, and participative development. We focused on the family tourism vision of the local government to create the region as the tourism site for families. Meanwhile, there were some facts that Metro, geographically was not a large region and not many nature destinations to attract the tourists. It could be meant that there was a gap between the visions of the local government to implement the second vision. We did field study to observe and interview the related parties and reviewed some literature on tourism concept, family tourism, trend in family tourism business, and the local government policy on tourism. The result of our study show that the measurement of the regional tourism index in Metro has never been carried out, the tourism affairs is no longer completely relied on tourism business actors, but must be developed by involving all stakeholders. To sustain the tourism vision in Metro local government, it is needed to carry out tourism promotions in their regions, learning and coordinate with central government and other regions for managing the opportunity implementation on artificial tourism potential for family tourism business.
Keywords: family tourism, local government, tourism concept, vison, tourism policy.
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REORGANIZATION OF THE NATURAL GAS DISTRIBUTION COMPLEX OF JSC “MOLDOVAGAZ”
https://doi.org/10.52326/jss.utm.2022.5(2).11
UDC 005.591.4:622.324.5(478)
Vadim Ceban, Valentin Tonu
Abstract. For the reorganization of the gas distribution companies affiliated to JSC “Moldovagaz”, a bibliographic study of the experience of foreign countries in this field was carried out, analyzing the production, financial and economic conditions of the activity of the mentioned companies. In order to improve the organizational structure of the 12 existing natural gas distribution companies, the analysis of technical and economic indicators and their evaluation were performed as well as the development of three management models of the natural gas distribution system. The comparative analysis of the functions and responsibilities of the management of natural gas distribution companies as well as the organizational structural options was performed, thе tаrgеt struсturе оf thе singlе gаs distributiоn соmраny wаs аnаlyzеd. Thе аdvаntаgеs аnd disаdvаntаgеs оf еасh rеоrgаnizаtiоn mоdеl wеrе аnаlyzеd sо thаt in thе еnd it wаs determined and rесоmmеndеd thе орtimаl model.
Kеywords: соmраny stаff, distributiоn соmраniеs, nаturаl gаs nеtwоrks, реrfоrmаnсе, reorganization, subsidiаriеs.
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THE CAUSES OF SMALL BUSINESSES FAILURE
https://doi.org/10.52326/jss.utm.2022.5(2).12
UDC 338.124:334.746.4
Maryam Elbahjaoui, Abdelaziz Elabjani, Rafael Ciloci
Abstract. The causes of failure of very small enterprises is a new field of research, especially in Morocco. Indeed, few studies have set out to study it, few studies have set themselves the objective of studying it. This article aims to explain the failure of newly created enterprises, focusing on small businesses. These constitute the absolute majority of the businesses that make up the Moroccan economic fabric. Similarly, studies have shown that the first five years, which corresponds to the start- up period, represent the duration beyond which the majority of the businesses created do not manage to survive. Our analysis has raised several conclusions that can help to better understand of this type of failure. The very small businesses disappear suddenly for several reasons, in particular the scarcity of its resources, which handicaps its survival and its durability, hence the need to describe each explanatory factor of failure which are divided into two groups: endogenous factors and exogenous factors.
Keywords: endogenous, exogenous, factor, failure, lack, overtrading, small businesses, success.
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THE INITIATIVES TO IMPLEMENT THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY IN THE GARMENT INDUSTRY (REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA CASE)
https://doi.org/10.52326/jss.utm.2022.5(2).13
UDC 330.3:504:687(478)
Maria Gheorghita, Rafael Ciloci
Abstract. This paper reflects some initiatives to implement the circular economy in the textile and clothing industry in the Republic of Moldova with a focus on recycling textile waste and identifying opportunities to increase the sustainability of the industry and to align with the practice of the European textile industry. The garment industry is among the most developed industries of the Moldavian economy. It is in the top five largest branches of industry and a major job generator. The disadvantage of this industry, as well as of the European textile industry, is that it is a large waste generator both in the pre-consumption phase, but especially in the post-consumption phase, which mostly end up in landfills and pollute groundwater, soil and air due to greenhouse gas emissions. Textile waste that is formed in the pre-consumption phase is not sorted, therefore it is not recycled. However, there are some initiatives in Moldova to implement circular economy models. In practice there are certain initiatives to implement circular business models for the collection and recycling of post-consumer waste, which aim to extend the life cycle of articles. Young designers are also trying to find solutions for recycling garments. In order to multiply the existing practices of waste collection and recycling in the Moldovan garment industry, there is a need for education and a broad involvement of both businesses and consumers.
Keywords: garment industry, circular economy, circular business models, circular business ecosystem, waste hierarchy.
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THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL-ACCOUNTING INFORMATIONIN THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS
https://doi.org/10.52326/jss.utm.2022.5(2).14
UDC 658.012.3:657.1
Daria Rotaru, Svetlana Mihaila, Violeta Codrean
Abstract. The informational system of an entity is based on accounting information obtained from the accountants, which is transmitted to process financial analysts in order to obtain a new product: financial information. This allows internal and external users who have a financial interest in the entity to make optimal management decisions. This research aims to highlight the role and importance of financial-accounting information in the decision-making process, to look back on the emergence, development and perpetual improvement of the entity’s information system, to reflect how new requirements for financial-accounting information have led to the emergence of new attributions and responsibilities of the accountants, to analyze the provisions of the normative framework and of the specialized literature regarding the financial-accounting information, to explain the difference between the accounting information and the financial information, and as a result – to present the interdependence between financial-accounting information and the decision-making process.
Keywords: financial information, accounting information, decision-making process.
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IMPROVING THE PROCESS OF MONITORING OF IMMOVABLE PROPERTY COLLATERAL
https://doi.org/10.52326/jss.utm.2022.5(2).15
UDC 332.6:336.77(478)
Carolina Volosatîi
Abstract. Mortgage lending is accompanied not only by the risk of default but also by the risk of deterioration, loss of value or reduction in the value of immovable property collateral. One of the main internationally recommended methods to determine whether the parameters of the mortgaged object, the value, the conditions of its maintenance and operation, the operating requirements are in line with the conditions originally laid down in the mortgage contract is Monitoring. The author, analysing the practices of commercial banks, proposes concrete tools to improve the Monitoring mechanism of mortgaged real estate in the conditions of Moldova. This mechanism is recognized as an important tool for credit risk management but is currently not well defined in the national regulations and mortgage policies of credit institutions.
Keywords: Immovable property collateral, credit risk, monitoring, revaluation, statistical models.
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RESPONSIBILITY CENTRE – MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING INSTRUMENT
https://doi.org/10.52326/jss.utm.2022.5(2).16
UDC 657.47:005.915
Larisa Bugaian
Abstract. The survey of industrial companies indicates that the majority of managers use information about total costs or, at best, production costs, to make managerial decisions about the effectiveness of products or services. These indicators, being characteristic of financial accounting, are calculated with great approximation on the types of products or services. Marginal costs, as an object of managerial accounting, are very rarely used in the decision-making process, because the existing expense accounting systems of most companies are not able to produce such information. Traditional accounting systems accumulate and process financial information in accordance with financial accounting principles, without tracking and separating variable and fixed costs, which would allow a clearer determination of the direct costs incurred by specific products and services. Thus, the article presents some theoretical and practical aspects regarding the implementation of responsibility centre as tools for decentralizing responsibilities through the principles of managerial accounting, which allow the accumulation and management of costs and expenses on decision-making areas of company subdivisions.
Keywords: costs, expenses, responsibility centres, managerial accounting.
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CHALLENGES OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ARTICLE 27 REGARDING WORK AND EMPLOYMENT RIGHTS OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN RURAL SOUTH AFRICAN SETTING
https://doi.org/10.52326/jss.utm.2022.5(2).17
UDC 349.2:331.108(680)
Marubini Christinah Sadiki, Israel Kibirige
Abstract. It is a challenge to implement the work and employment policies for Persons with Disability (PWDs). This study explored challenges regarding implementing the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) in a rural South Africa setting. Participants were seven persons with disabilities (female =four, male= three, age range = eitghteen to fifty five years). The researchers used a semi-structured personal interviews to get challenges regarding implementing employment of PWDs. Findings from the thematic analysis suggest language barriers, perceptions and attitudes towards disability and reasonable accommodation. The participants reported challenges related to reasonable accommodation, access to built environment barriers, assistive devices, and workplace adaptation. These findings have implications for the employers and the working conditions of PWDs. The researchers put a few recommendations at the administrative level forward to improve the PWDs challenges.
Keywords: Challenges, Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), Implementation, South Africa.
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WEAKNESSES OF THE PRE PROJECT SELLING SYSTEM IN THE SALE AND PURCHASE OF FLATS
https://doi.org/10.52326/jss.utm.2022.5(2).18
UDC 347.451
Venny Indria Maria, Imam Koeswahyono, Suhariningsih, Satria Amiputra
Abstract. The purpose of this research is to find out the causes and solutions in overcoming the lack of consumer legal protection in saling and purchasing flats in the pre project selling system. This is a normative legal research with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach, Case Approach, Comparative Approach. Analysis of legal materials is carried out using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. This reseac find that the legal position of PPJB in pre project selling so far is still considered to provide less protection to consumers who buy flats. One of the factors causing the lack of protection of consumers in purchasing flats through PPJB in pre project selling is due to the lack of consumer understanding of the contents of the agreement in pre project selling. The government has tried to improve the process of selling and purchasing flats through pre-project selling. Development actors must meet the requirements, at least they must have certainty of space allocation, certainty of land rights, certainty of ownership status of flats, permits for flat construction and guarantees for the construction of flats from a guarantor institution.
Keywords: Legal Protection, Consumers, sale and purchase, Flats, Pre Project Selling.
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